Which types of traffic are included in north-south traffic?

North-south traffic refers to the data flow that moves between the data center and external networks, typically the internet. This type of traffic is characterized by communication that involves external entities accessing resources inside the data center.

In this context, the correct answer highlights traffic generated by customers who are accessing data center services or applications via the Internet. This includes user requests to websites, data downloads, or any interaction where a client from an external network communicates with resources housed within the data center. Such traffic is crucial for services that rely on providing content to external users, and it often necessitates robust security and management provisions.

The other types of traffic mentioned in the question predominantly involve communication that occurs internally either between virtual machines or during processes like live migration, which do not entail interaction with outside networks. These interactions fall under east-west traffic, which focuses on data exchange between resources within the same environment, such as virtual machines in a data center.